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TPR Fun Fact | Texas Geography

You Can Find an Ancient Sea Reef High Above the West Texas Desert

The Texas Public Record
TPR Fun Fact graphic explaining the ancient Capitan Reef, with illustrative mountain scenery and marine fossils.
Owner-supplied editorial illustration, not a documentary photograph or scientific reconstruction. Select to view the complete graphic.

Long before the Guadalupe Mountains rose above the desert, this part of Texas lay beneath an ancient sea.

During the Permian Period, the Capitan Reef grew along the edge of the Delaware Sea. Unlike many modern coral reefs, its principal builders were algae and microbes.

Sediments eventually buried the reef. Over millions of years, geological uplift and erosion helped expose its ancient limestone high above the surrounding desert.

Today, Guadalupe Mountains National Park preserves remarkable evidence of that underwater world, including marine fossils embedded in the rock.

What looks like rugged mountain wilderness today was once part of a thriving marine ecosystem.

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